Have you ever been listening to a presentation and viewed a slide that was so terrible it made you instantly want to walk out of the room?
Good people make bad presentations. Why? Sometimes it's because they think making a good one takes too long; other times it's because they don't understand what makes a great presentation. Recently, the brilliant folks at
Duarte put on a slide:ology workshop
here in Boston. While that workshop contained a wealth of useful information,
Dan Zarella
and I came up with 10 key rules for better presentations here at
HubSpot
.
Today we offer our 10 rules to you as a simple test to make sure your presentations don't suck.
How to Design Great Presentations
1. No Bullets
-- Bullet points ruin presentations. Your audience can read your slides faster than you can read it to them. When you use bullet points, you take away from your talent as a speaker and reduce your meeting or presentation to a read-aloud session. Bullets work great in reports and documents, but keep them out of your presentations.
2. Start on Paper
-- PowerPoint is a great tool, but starting your presentations on the computer will only box you into the templates that Microsoft and your company has created. Instead, grab a couple pieces of paper and a stack of sticky notes. Treat each sticky note as a slide and write the overall idea of each slide needed on a stick note. Then peel and place them on the paper until you have a solid presentation outline that tells your story. During this process, it is common to reorder your sticky note slides several times.
3. The 30pt Rule
-- Your audience does not have super-human vision. When you use text on your slides, use a font size no smaller than 30pt. Any smaller, and your audience won't be able to read the text on your slides.
4. No Starbursts
-- What is a starburst? When you think about it, it's really just a crazy circle that serves no purpose. When we refer to this rule, a better way to think about it is to make sure your slides are simple. Don't use crazy shapes of clip art in an effort to "jazz up" your slides. Instead, think about what you can delete from your slide to make sure the message you are trying to communicate is clear.
5. 1 Thought Per Slide
-- Presentations give you the opportunity to tell your story and sell your ideas. When a slide is packed with five different ideas, your story is lost. When you are looking through your slides, make sure they only communicate one idea per slide.
6. Time-Limits, Not Slide-Limits
-- Does your company ask for "3 slides" for meetings? When you're only allowed a set number of slides, it can lead you to break all of our above rules. Ask your manager to change the slide limit to a time limit. In a three-minute presentation, some presenters may use 20 slides or even more. By setting a time limit and not a slide limit, organizations can empower employees to give better presentations.
7. No Noise
-- Glance at a slide for a couple of seconds. Do you understand clearly what that slide is about? If you do not, then it likely has too much noise. Keeping slides simple is one of the most important steps you can take in making great presentations.
8. No Logo on Every Slide
-- If you are 20 minutes into a presentation and your audience doesn't know who you are and what company you are with, then you have a major problem. This problem isn't going to be solved by placing your company logo on every slide in your presentation. These logos add extra noise and distract from the story you are trying to tell.
9. No Chart Junk
-- Your presentation was likely not created for an academic class. Don't fill it with complex charts that will take your audience a minute or more to determine the data point you are trying to emphasize. Make your data clear. If you are going to use a chart, make sure its takeaway is clear. Remember that, sometimes, posting a single stat on a slide can have more of an impact than an elaborate chart you plucked out of a pivot table.
10. Tell a Story
-- The first nine rules all support this one. As a presenter, your job is to tell a story. Make sure your presentations -- both slides and speech -- work together to tell a clear story. It should consist of essential story elements like conflict and humor. Tell a story!
Will you follow these rules? What other rules would you add?
Elaine Fogel 2:33 PM on May 17, 2010
Excellent advice, Kipp and Dan. As a professional speaker, I try to use visuals rather than phrases. Sometimes, however, I admit to adding some abbreviated bullet points, especially when it relates to data. This is a good reminder. :)
Beth Carter 2:34 PM on May 17, 2010
This reminds me of that classic advice from Coco Chanel... "Before you leave the house, take 1 thing off." I'll try to remember to do that with my slides from now on!
ethnicomm 2:43 PM on May 17, 2010
I'm going to share this with my students. I've also posted some tips on slideshare that might be helpful to your readers.
John McTigue 2:49 PM on May 17, 2010
Slides should be a simple stepping off into the point you're trying to make. A good photo that illustrates the point works best. Mixing in quotes or snippets works well too. Humor is the glue that keeps people awake and interested.
Susie Sharp 2:56 PM on May 17, 2010
You are SO right here. Too many people go right to PowerPoint and do a brain dump. Doing it on individual Post-its first is self-disciplining. And Lord save us from templates and the logo-on-every page!
Ken Krogue 3:21 PM on May 17, 2010
I just re-read Slide:ology again and loved the stuff right up front about Documents (70 words - hold a meeting), Teleprompters (50 words- for the presenter), or single concepts that make it pop (ideal.)
Vamshi Sriperumbudur 3:48 PM on May 17, 2010
10 on 10 for your 10 points!
Mary Lawler 3:50 PM on May 17, 2010
Thankfully I don't have to give PowerPoint presentations very often but the next one I do I will refer to this article. I have been guilty of a couple of "Don'ts" but I won't be anymore! Thanks
Jeff Gibbard 3:55 PM on May 17, 2010
I agree with virtually everything on here except the bullets. I don't see anything wrong with bullets especially given your reasoning that people can read text faster than bullets. I don't want people reading, I want them glancing.
I don't think that bullets reduce your points to that reading aloud, maybe it does if you're not a good presenter. I tend to use bullets as a reference for what I talking about precisely because I don't want people reading, I want them to "be with me."
John Heaney 4:16 PM on May 17, 2010
I believe that most presenters fill their slides with bullet points as a crutch. They’re afraid that they’ll forget to mention something, so they make sure that every single talking point is included in their slides. The solution: practice. Learn what you want to say with each visual. Use the slide notes feature if you need to have a visual reminder visible only to you. Just get rid of the lists of text that detract from you and your story.
Jeff Gibbard 4:59 PM on May 17, 2010
I agree with that completely but I still don't think that invalidates the use of bullet points; it speaks to the necessity of adequate preparation. Those that use bullet points as a crutch will use text as a crutch and just read.
I agree with every other point you make but this one I just can't see. Bullets are an efficient way to convey main points without having people get lost in your slide. To throw out bullets because some people lean on them as a crutch is to say we should throw out the telephone because we don't have as many face-face conversations, it's addressing the wrong problem. There's no problem with a bullet inherently, it's how people use them.
Kasy Allen 6:18 PM on May 17, 2010
Wait, doesn't Hubspot use their logo on every slide?
Shiv bahadur verma 7:12 AM on May 18, 2010
Thanks for giving a good rules for making a good presentation.
Kate Davids 8:25 AM on May 18, 2010
I have to agree with Jeff about the bullets. If it's just a single word or short phrase, then you're a) not reading off of the slide and b) the bullets are helping you organize the info. Often, the data presented doesn't need to go on a slide all by itself, but it does need mentioning, preferrably with some sort of structure.
I think the rule should be rephrased to "Don't read your slide," since that seems to be the problem it wants to adress.
Kipp Bodnar 8:30 AM on May 18, 2010
@Kasy - You are correct, but we are working on no longer doing that. You should see a change in the future.
Everyone I understand what you are saying about bullets, but I have to disagree. No bullets means no bullets. Bullets help break other rules on the list and take attention away from the presenter.
Kate Davids 8:37 AM on May 18, 2010
Maybe you can explain why, Kipp? Personally, I want my audience to read my bullets quickly, so they can spend more time paying attention to me. So I want to better understand your reasoning and how it applies to my experience.
For instance, what do you mean "help break other rules"? Are they like a "starter drug" in rule breaking?
Kipp Bodnar 8:55 AM on May 18, 2010
@Kate - Thanks for your response! Bullet points help speakers to break other rules on this list. Bullets for example, make it really hard to stick to one idea per slide.
I don't want the audience to read my slides. It is my perspective that the information in bullets points on slides would be better delivered in document form, most often as a handout after the presentation.
To me a presentation should act as a speaker's aid, instead of a stand alone document.
Kate Davids 9:00 AM on May 18, 2010
Thank you for clarifying and I'll definitely keep it in mind when creating my future presentations. I like the hand out idea. I never really used those, probably because they always seemed like homework, but in this context, they have a good purpose.
Nicolas Vega 9:51 AM on May 18, 2010
Thanks a lot. Different and focused to practice. The only point with I am disagree is with the bullets. Really i don´t understand your arguement. People loves the bullets becouse focused to the main points. sumarize a clear shape about what i´m trying to tell an audience.
Regards
Mike Robert 7:05 PM on May 18, 2010
Like how you guys are encouraging people to be concise!
If I can take it 1 step farther...
DESIGN YOUR SLIDES :)
Content is king, but queen is design. And for inspiration...
http://noteandpoint.com
I echo Kasy's comment above :) That was my reaction too...
noteither 9:00 PM on May 18, 2010
excellent points! making your presentation neat and straight to the points is crucial in catching your audiences attention. people who sits on presentations are generally professionals and professional looking presentations really appeal on such crowd.
kashif Ali 4:31 AM on May 19, 2010
Nice post, you can read more interesting stuff regarding 10/20/30 rule for good presentation by guy kawasaki.
http://blog.guykawasaki.com/2005/12/the_102030_rule.html
Seth godin also written his tips for good presentations, I have summarized his points.
you can read the summary from http://kashifalihabib.blogspot.com/2010/01/how-to-create-good-powerpoint.html
AW 7:25 AM on May 19, 2010
Be clear. Be memorable. Be done.
Kim 7:25 AM on May 19, 2010
Love this! Thanks so much for the tips. I never know how large/small to make fonts, so I especially appreciate the 30pt rule.
One thing I would add: Go easy on the animations! I don't even like it when the slide changes are animated - it can make me nauseous from all the movement. I like to stick to 1 type of animation for objects/text(usually fade or peek in from below). Make the animations fairly quick; don't let an image take 3 secs to fade in, then another 3 secs to fade out - your audience will die of boredom. Also, don't use animations where the object is going to fly all around the slide like crazy before finally landing. Those are just a nuisance and distract from the message. No one cares how animated you can make a PPT presentation. They are there for the info, so keep it relevant and focused.
I feel that at the end of the presentation, the audience should not be thinking about the actual PPT slide, but rather the information in it. They should be impressed with the thoughts and ideas presented. If they mention the animations, the text size or any other functional part of the presentation, the message was not delivered because the audience was distracted by the method of delivery.
Ravindran 8:01 AM on May 19, 2010
nice post
Danusia 8:03 AM on May 19, 2010
Yup, totally agree with all of your points, although for me: DO NOT READ YOUR SLIDES should have way more emphasis. Can't bear it. I could read the stuff back at my desk, I don't need a colleague to do it for me.
However re #9, I think graphs do need to be used - particulary when you are in a science/fact heavy industry.
Mary Poul 8:04 AM on May 19, 2010
I love these tips. The sticky note trick also helps you keep only relevant slides to tell the story and cut out the nice to have (the Coco Chanel trick may work here too). It seems like a lot of work though for an audience that is going to be tweeting on their phones the whole tim. I don't get how this has become acceptable etiquette, and in an era where multi-tasking has proven to be bad for you, that people are ok with tuning out a presenter so they can tweet with their friends about the bit they heard.
Kipp Bodnar 8:18 AM on May 19, 2010
Thanks everyone for your comments!
@BB - Yes but this post is a document not a presentation. Bullets work great in documents.
Thank you,
Kipp
John Matrix 8:19 AM on May 19, 2010
Excellent advice except for the no bullet rule. The advice really should be "know your audience". There are times when bullets not only make sense, but are necessary. Example: in our organization pre-reads and leave-behinds are a common expectation. However, there are other times when bullets are superfulous and used as a crutch as others mentioned in their posts. For example, in a Toastmasters speech I would rarely consider using bullets.
Carm 8:43 AM on May 19, 2010
To bring clarity to the bullets debate, note that Kipp finally said that a good tactic is to give them a handout *after* the talk. Perhaps you should mention this to your audience at the beginning so that they take less notes and listen more. This handout could/should have a few bullet points that support Kipp's one idea per slide concept. I recently began creating two versions of my ppts, a minimalist one for the live audience and a fuller one for the takeaway.
Another great presenter is Steve Jobs, and his 30 minute presentations usually consist of 2-4 slides with one picture per slide. Not a graphic or an image, but a picture of the real world. But that probably only would work for about 0.0001% of the presentations that are given.
Michael Van Osch 10:40 AM on May 19, 2010
Number one question to ask is WHY. Why does this audience need to hear what I'm planning on presenting. Once that is answered you're set to add the right meat to the bones of your outline.
cheers.
JOHN WIRTH 4:02 PM on May 19, 2010
JOIN TOASTMASTERS......PP WILL BE A FRIEND, NOT A CRUTCH
anonymous 6:43 PM on May 19, 2010
Can you share an example of a great presentation? I'm struggling to visualize what one might look like. Thanks!
Sue 8:22 PM on May 19, 2010
I do a lot of presentations to international audiences who have English as a second (or third or fourth) language. I find that some critical words or phrases need to be spelled out on my slides so that they don't get lost in translation. Anyone else have thoughts on this?
Kenny Sturgeon 12:07 PM on May 20, 2010
Well done! Power Point used poorly is truly a productivity and morale killer! Thanks for the post.
Maureen Winer 2:35 PM on May 20, 2010
We've all sat in a snoozer of a Power Point presentation. This will help make sure our audience stays awake. Thank you.
Annie 11:23 PM on May 20, 2010
When it comes to presentations, even if your slides has more than one idea, you could always use the animation scheme "fade in one by one" effect of where one idea is shown as you click on the laptop key or wireless presenter. However, it is better to stick to the 6x6x6 rule (not more than 6 words a line, not more than 6 lines on a slide and it can be read from 6 meters away) or not having more that 30 words on a slide. Having the main points available to participants usually helps people who are none native speakers of that langauge to understand better. It is also useful for visual learners.
Elaine Fogel 11:36 PM on May 20, 2010
Annie, you make an excellent point! As a former educator, it's important to engage all types of learners. I, too, am a visual learner and appreciate seeing what it is I am absorbing.
In addition, we must all be cognizant of those with certain disabilities who benefit from seeing visual cues in order to process information.
DP 10:27 AM on May 24, 2010
Presentation Zen by Garr Reynolds is a great reference book on this topic.
http://www.amazon.com/dp/0321525655/?tag=googhydr-20&hvadid=4813404389&ref=pd_sl_18hmlkggs1_b
just 11:00 AM on May 24, 2010
Well hell. Let's take it one step further.
Completely ditch powerpoint and have zero slides
Steve Crenshaw 4:12 PM on May 24, 2010
I give presentations in churches and they have to be one of the worst environments for slide clutter, charts and all out noise. I don't know that I can single handedly stop the bad presentation etiquette but I will use this post to try. Thanks.
Oxzen 3:26 AM on May 25, 2010
Well done,Nice post.
Jonathan Lane 8:04 PM on May 26, 2010
Great advice on all the issues you covered, however I think there is one other very important and simple tip. People should understand that a presentation is a presentation. Save your PowerPoint as PPS. I have seen untold numbers of "Professionals" Open there presentation as a PPT. I have always viewed my PPT as my "working garage" and the PPS as the finished product. When saving your finished PPT, goto "save as" and then save it as a Power point show. It is so much more professional in my opinion. JLane
Matches Malone 10:10 PM on May 31, 2010
Rule #11: Don't use PowerPoint.
Or any of the knockoffs for that matter. Your ten rules above goto this line of thinking.
Glenn 3:49 PM on June 08, 2010
Two Suggestions: Let me upgrade your point #2. Before you start playing around with sticky notes, take the large piece of paper and identify the most important message in your presentation. Then the 2nd most. Then the third. Ask yourself, "What is the best way to communicate these three points to my audience?" Powerpoint or other visuals may NOT be the answer.
Second, once you have identified your three points, create a way to tell a story or stories to make your message more impactful. (This is your point #10. It needs to move up on your list.
See Tim Kogel's book, "The Exceptional Presenter," "Made To Stick" by Chip Heath and Dan Heath,and Garr Reynolds's "Presentation Zen," for more useful tips.