If you’re a Python user, then you may have heard of the pickle module. It’s one of Python’s most versatile modules, used for storing objects so they can be retrieved during software development or runtime.
This pickle module is a go-to for converting and storing data. In this post, we’ll cover steps for implementing Python pickle and examples of pickle in action.
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What is the pickle module in Python?
When it comes to serializing (converting data structure into a format that can be stored) and deserializing (converting data structure back into its original format), the pickle module is your go-to tool.
With the pickle module in Python, you can effortlessly convert any valid Python object into a stream of bytes for storage or transmission over a network. You are then able to recreate the same original object from this serialized form with deserialization.
The pickle module allows you to preserve objects such as dictionaries, functions, and custom classes in a serialized format — whether it’s stored in files or transmitted across networks. When the need arises again for whatever was preserved, it can be retrieved from the file so that its original Python object is restored.
The pickle module is a great resource when you want to store and reuse objects. For example, the functions dump() and load() help serialize/deserialize objects. Dumps() and loads() handle that same process for memory instead of external storage.
Put simply: Pickle makes it easy to use data over multiple sessions without losing its integrity.
It's essential to exercise caution when employing the pickle module, particularly with untrustworthy data. A lack of vigilance can lead to running unscrupulous code while deserializing. To avoid this security hazard, we suggest that other serialization formats, such as JSON or XML, be utilized instead.
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When to Use the Pickle Module
The pickle module in Python is a valuable asset for saving and transferring intricate data structures. Here are some situations when it can be advantageous to use.
Saving and Loading Machine Learning Models
Training machine learning models takes a significant amount of time. To avoid having to retrain the model in the future, we can use the pickle module to serialize it into a file for easy access later. When needed, this saved model can be retrieved from its saved file for immediate use.
Caching
Training machine learning models takes a significant amount of time. To avoid having to retrain the model in the future, we can use the pickle module to serialize it into a file for easy access later. When needed, this saved model can be retrieved from its saved file for immediate use.
Distributed Computing
When performing distributed computing and sending complex data across machines, the pickle module simplifies the process. Pickle serializes information for transmission over the network.
Storing Application State
In some applications, we may need to store the application state between sessions. The pickle module can be used to serialize the state and save it to a file. Later, the state can be deserialized from the file and used to restore the application to its previous state.
When dealing with untrusted data, take caution when using the pickle module, as arbitrary code can be executed during deserialization. Because of this risk, instead of relying on the pickle module for transmitting data over a network, more secure formats such as JSON or XML are strongly recommended.
To get Python Pickle up and running, we must first import the pickle module. Then, we can utilize the dump() function to write a Python object into a file for future use. You can alternatively employ the load() function to read this object from its file location.
Here is an example of how you might go about creating your own pickled data:
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import pickle |
To use pickle in Python, we must first create an object like my_object. Then, using the dump() function and the ‘wb’ parameter on open(), we can serialize this object to a file called my_object.pickle for future usage. This binary write mode ensures that our data is secure and stored correctly for later access.
Then, we use the load() function to decode the object from its file. We specify ‘rb’ in our open() command when opening the document so that it may be read in binary mode.
To conclude, we verify that the deserialized object is identical to the initial object by comparing them using the == operator.
Be aware that the pickle module can bring up security issues if you‘re using an untrusted source. To guarantee your data’s safety, only unpickle what comes from a trustworthy source or make sure it’s something you serialized yourself.
Python Pickle in Action
Here are three examples of how to use Python pickle.
1. Pickling and Unpickling a Simple Object
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import pickle |
Let‘s consider a basic dictionary object with information about someone’s name and age. We‘ll save this as ’my_object.pickle' using pickle.dump().
Then we can use load() to restore it into the loaded_object variable, before finally printing out our unpickled object for confirmation — proving that nothing has changed from its original form.
2. Pickling and Unpickling a Complex Object
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import pickle |
In this example, we define a complex object Person that has attributes such as name, age, and email. We create a list of Person objects and pickle it into a file. We then unpickle the object from the file using pickle.load() and store it in the loaded_object variable.
Finally, we print the unpickled object to confirm that it is the same as the original object.
3. Using Pickle to Cache Function Results
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import pickle |
With this example, we create a function called expensive_computation() that takes an extended period of time to compute. To optimize the process, we turn to pickle and cache the result of the said function into a file titled ‘result.pickle’.
The next time it is accessed, if there is already cached data present - great! We instantly load from the stored file.
Getting Started
Python Pickle is an incredibly robust library for serializing and deserializing objects. With pickle, we can effortlessly store intricate objects and rapidly restore them afterward. This is perfect for caching pricy computations and storing or recovering information from Python applications.
An Introduction to Python
A guide for marketers, developers, and data analysts. You'll learn about...
- What Python is.
- Programming Best Practices.
- Coding Standards.
- And More!
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